学術データベース

中学生の歯磨き行動にかかわる心理社会的要因

著者名

川西順子 (Kawanishi junko )

共著者名

川畑徹朗/加藤佳子

出版社／掲載誌名

学校保健研究

巻号

58

頁

145-153

出版日

2016/8

キーワード

中学生/歯磨き行動/心理社会的要因

概要

［Objectives］ This study aimed to obtain fundamental information necessary to develop an effective dental health program designed for junior high school students. For this purpose, this study investigated the relationship between psychosocial factors, such as self-esteem, stress-coping skills and decision-making skills and toothbrushing behaviors including toothbrushing frequency and subjective toothbrushing behaviors to evaluate the qualitative aspects of their toothbrushing behaviors. ［Methods］ The participants were 629students from first to third years in four junior high schools in four prefectures. The data were collected between June and July 2014 through a self administered, anonymous questionnaire survey. Valid responses were obtained from 600 students. The survey items were the frequency of toothbrushing, subjective toothbrushing behaviors, self-esteem concerning “family” and“ general”, stress-coping skills, and decision-making skills. ［Results］ With regard to the results of one-way analysis of variance concerning the self-esteem and stress-coping and decision-making skill scores by toothbrushing frequency, significant differences were observed only concerning the decision-making skills in both boys and girls. The multiple comparison results showed significantly higher decision-making skills score in the group with the toothbrushing frequency of three times or more per day compared to that of one time or less per day. The “points of attention” concerning the subjective toothbrushing behaviors was significantly and positively correlated with the “support seeking” skill and “problem-solving” skill among the stress-coping skills, as well as with decision-making skills, in both boys and girls. For both boys and girls, the “confirmation” concerning the subjective toothbrushing behavior was positively correlated with the “support seeking” skill among the stress-coping skills and decision-making skills. For both “points of attention” and “onfirmation”, the highest correlations were observed with decision-making skills, with boys scoring 0.391and girls scoring 0.389 concerning the “points of attention” and 0.225 for boys and 0.314for girls concerning the “confirmation”, respectively. ［Conclusion］ For both boys and girls, the students with high decision-making skills and the ability to cope with stress through a problem-focused approach were found with more careful toothbrushing behaviors. The results also demonstrated a higher toothbrushing frequency among students, both boys and girls, with higher decisionmaking skills. The above results, together with the fact that the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases rapidly increase when children reach high-school age, suggest the necessity to introduce an educational program that nurtures and facilitates decision-making skills and problem-focused coping skills such as the “support seeking” skill and the “problem-solving” skill at coping with stressors, while they are in junior high school at the latest.